Experience Human Development

As a professor, Diane E. Papalia has taught thousands of undergraduates at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She received her bachelors degree, majoring in psychology, from Vassar College and both her masters degree in child development and family relations and her Ph.D. in life-span developmental psychology from West Virginia University. She has published numerous articles in such professional journals as Human Development, International Journal of Aging and Human Development, Sex Roles, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology and Journal of Gerontology. Most of these papers have dealt with her major research focus, cognitive development from childhood through old age.



Ruth Duskin Feldman is an award-winning writer and educator. With Diane E. Papalia and Sally Wendkos Olds, she coauthored the fourth and the seventh through the twelfth editions of human development and the eighth through the twelfth editions of a child's world. She also is coauthor, with Dr. Papalia, Harvey Sterns and Cameron J. Camp, of adult development and aging. A former teacher, she has developed educational materials for all levels from elementary school through college and has prepared ancillaries to accompany the Papalia-Olds books. She is author or coauthor of four books addressed to general readers, including whatever happened to the quiz kids? perils and profits of growing up gifted. She has written for numerous newspapers and magazines and has lectured extensively and made national and local media appearances throughout the United States on education and gifted children. She received her bachelor's degree from Northwestern University, where she was graduated with highest distinction and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa.

CHAPTER 1The Study of Human Development

Human Development: An Ever-Evolving Field

Studying the Life Span

Human Development Today

The Study of Human Development: Basic Concepts

Domains of Development

Periods of the Life Span

Influences on Development

Heredity, Environment, and Maturation

Contexts of Development

Normative and Nonnormative Influences

Timing of Influences: Critical or Sensitive Periods

Paul B. Baltess Life-Span Developmental Approach

CHAPTER 2Theory and Research

Basic Theoretical Issues

Issue 1: Is Development Active or Reactive?

Issue 2: Is Development Continuous or Discontinuous?

Theoretical Perspectives

Perspective 1: Psychoanalytic

Perspective 2: Learning

Perspective 3: Cognitive

Perspective 4: Contextual

Perspective 5: Evolutionary/Sociobiological

A Shifting Balance

Research Methods

Sampling

Forms of Data Collection

Basic Research Designs

Developmental Research Designs

CHAPTER 3Forming a New Life

Conceiving New Life

How Fertilization Takes Place

What Causes Multiple Births?

Mechanisms of Heredity

The Genetic Code

What Determines Sex?

Patterns of Genetic Transmission

Genetic and Chromosomal Abnormalities

Genetic Counseling and Testing

Nature and Nurture: Influences of Heredity and Environment

Studying Heredity and Environment

How Heredity and Environment Work Together

Some Characteristics Influenced by Heredity and Environment Prenatal Development

Stages of Prenatal Development

Environmental Influences: Maternal Factors

Environmental Influences: Paternal Factors

Monitoring and Promoting Prenatal Development

Disparities in Prenatal Care

The Need for Preconception Care

CHAPTER 4Birth and Physical Development during the First Three Years

Childbirth and Culture: How Birthing Has Changed

The Birth Process

Stages of Childbirth

Electronic Fetal Monitoring

Vaginal versus Cesarean Delivery

Medicated versus Nonmedicated Delivery

The Newborn Baby

Size and Appearance

Body Systems

Medical and Behavioral Assessment

States of Arousal

Complications of Childbirth

Low Birth Weight

Postmaturity

Stillbirth

Can a Supportive Environment Overcome Effects of

Birth Complications?

Survival and Health

Death during Infancy

Immunization for Better Health

Early Physical Development

Principles of Development

Patterns of Growth

Nutrition

The Brain and Reflex Behavior

Early Sensory Capacities

Motor Development

Milestones of Motor Development

Motor Development and Perception

Eleanor and James Gibsons Ecological Theory

How Motor Development Occurs: Thelans Dynamic Systems Theory

Cultural Influences on Motor Development

CHAPTER 5Cognitive Development during the First Three Years

Studying Cognitive Development: Six Approach...